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The no fines mix aids resistance to shearing by increasing friction between units and the permeability helps to relieve hydrostatic pressure build up behind the wall.
Mass concrete retaining wall design. Ncma tek national concrete masonry association an information series from the national authority on concrete masonry technology concrete masonry gravity retaining wallstek 15 6 structural 1995 keywords. In this example the structural design of the three retaining wall components is performed by hand. The rocla massbloc instant wall system is comprised of large permeable precast concrete blocks for various retaining applications for walls typically 2 8 metres in height. Two equations are developed.
Counterfort retaining walls are more economical than cantilever walls for heights above 25 ft. Reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall analysis and design aci 318 14 reinforced concrete cantilever retaining walls consist of a relatively thin stem and a base slab. Try 1400mm thick wall. The base is divided into two parts the heel and toe.
Another type of gravity wall is the crib retaining wall which comprises a system of interlocking header and stretcher blocks to retain the granular fill that provides the mass to the wall. Soil mechanics simplified 4. Both proprietary block and crib retaining walls must be built on an in situ concrete foundation or on a compacted base course. Soil bearing and stability 8.
Gravity retaining walls depend on their own weight and any soil resting on the concrete in resisting lateral earth forces. Construction is mortar less and an experienced crew can place up to 80m2 of wall per day. They are generally economical up to 10 feet in height for cast concrete structures. Design tanδ tan 20º or 0 75xdesign tanφ 0 364 or 0 503 design tanδ 0 364 from table design φ 33 8º design δ 20º ka 0 242 10kn m surcharge on retained soil behind wall.
Ce 437 537 spring 2011 retaining wall design example 1 8 design a reinforced concrete retaining wall for the following conditions. The graviti block retaining wall system comprises large precast permeable mass concrete blocks manufactured under stringent quality control. Retaining wall design 10 editionth a design guide for earth retaining structures contents at a glance. Forces on retaining walls 6.
F c 3000 psi fy 60 ksi natural soil development of structural design equations. Because of their large mass. Building codes and retaining walls 5. Earthquake seismic design 7.
Sketches of the retaining wall forces should be considered to properly distinguish the different forces acting on our retaining wall as tackled in the previous article retaining wall. Based on our example in figure a 1 we have the forces due to soil pressure due to water and surcharge load to consider. Gravity poured concrete retaining walls. The stem may have constant thickness along the length or may be tapered based on economic and construction criteria.
The blocks are interlocked by a key joint precast into the blocks.
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